ABSTRACT
The aim of this article is to assess the odds ratio of hospitalization and mortality due to COVID-19 in people with obesity using data from residents of Espírito Santo, Brazil. An observational, quantitative, cross-sectional study was carried out from the database available on the official channel of the State Health Secretariat of Espírito Santo. Crude odds ratio estimates (ORs) referring to the association between variables were calculated, as well as adjusted odds ratios (adjusted odds ratios-OR adj.) and their respective 95% confidence intervals (CI 95%). The results indicate that men, non-white, no education or with lower education level and age over 40 years old were more likely to be hospitalized and died of COVID-19. People with obesity are at risk of hospitalization and death due to COVID-19 54% and 113% higher than people who do not have obesity. People with obesity had a higher chance of hospitalization when they were over 40 years old, had breathing difficulty, and the comorbidities diabetes (2.18 higher) and kidney disease (4.10 higher). The odds ratio of death for people with obesity over 60 years old was 12.51 higher, and those who were hospitalized was 17.9 higher compared to those who were not hospitalized.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Hospitalization , Obesity , SARS-CoV-2 , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Brazil/epidemiology , COVID-19/mortality , COVID-19/therapy , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Obesity/mortality , Obesity/therapy , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To analyze trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, between 2009 and 2018. METHODS: This was an ecological study, with data from the Food and Nutritional Surveillance System (SISVAN). Overweight and obesity were classified as recommended by the World Health Organization. Prais-Winsten regression was used to estimate the trend of the prevalence. RESULTS: There was an increasing trend of overweight (5.5 to 8.6%) and obesity (4.4 to 8.3%), in both sexes and in different regions of the state. In the stratified analysis, there was an increase in overweight and obesity in children, adolescents and adult women (4.2 to 8.6%; p<0.05). Obesity increased among male adolescents, in the south, central and north regions of the state, while in the south region, in all age groups (5.1% growth; p=0.01). CONCLUSION: There was an increase in overweight and obesity in Espírito Santo, from 2009 to 2018.
Subject(s)
Pediatric Obesity , Adolescent , Adult , Brazil/epidemiology , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Overweight/epidemiology , Prevalence , ResearchABSTRACT
Objective: To analyze trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Espírito Santo, Brazil, from 2009 to 2018. Methods: Ecological study using data from the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System. Overweight and obesity were classified as recommended by the World Health Organization. Linear regression (Prais-Winsten) was performed to estimate the prevalence trend. Results: An increasing trend was observed for overweight (5.5 to 8.6%) and obesity (4.4 to 8.3%), in both sexes and regions. In the stratified analysis, there was an increase in overweight and obesity in children, adolescents and adult females (from 4.2 to 8.6%; p<0.05). In males, obesity was increased among adolescents in the northern, central and southern regions of the state and there was an increase in obesity (5.1%; p=0.01) at all ages in the southern region. Conclusion: There was an increase in overweight and obesity from 2009 to 2018 in Espírito Santo.
Objetivo: Analisar tendências nas prevalências do sobrepeso e obesidade no estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil, entre 2009 e 2018. Métodos: Estudo ecológico, com dados do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional. O sobrepeso e a obesidade foram classificados conforme preconiza a Organização Mundial da Saúde. Realizou-se regressão linear (Prais-Winsten) para estimar a tendência da prevalência. Resultados: Observou-se tendência crescente de sobrepeso (de 5,5 para 8,6%) e obesidade (de 4,4 para 8,3%), em ambos os sexos e nas diferentes regiões do estado. Na análise estratificada, houve aumento de sobrepeso e obesidade em crianças, adolescentes e adultos do sexo feminino (de 4,2 para 8,6%; p<0,05). No sexo masculino, nas regiões norte, central e sul do estado, a obesidade cresceu entre adolescentes, enquanto na região sul, em todas as faixas etárias (crescimento de 5,1%; p=0,01). Conclusão: Houve aumento do sobrepeso e da obesidade no Espírito Santo, de 2009 a 2018.
ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Analisar tendências nas prevalências do sobrepeso e obesidade no estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil, entre 2009 e 2018. Métodos: Estudo ecológico, com dados do Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional. O sobrepeso e a obesidade foram classificados conforme preconiza a Organização Mundial da Saúde. Realizou-se regressão linear (Prais-Winsten) para estimar a tendência da prevalência. Resultados: Observou-se tendência crescente de sobrepeso (5,5 a 8,6%) e obesidade (4,4 a 8,3%), em ambos os sexos e nas diferentes regiões do estado. Na análise estratificada, houve aumento de sobrepeso e obesidade em crianças, adolescentes e adultos do sexo feminino (4,2 a 8,6%; p<0,05). No sexo masculino, nas regiões norte, central e sul do estado, a obesidade cresceu entre adolescentes, enquanto na região sul, em todas as faixas etárias (crescimento de 5,1%; p=0,01). Conclusão: Houve aumento do sobrepeso e da obesidade no Espírito Santo, de 2009 a 2018.
Objetivo: Analizar tendencias en la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en el estado de Espírito Santo, Brasil, de 2009-2018. Métodos: Estudio ecológico utilizando datos del Sistema de Vigilancia Alimentaria y Nutricional. El sobrepeso y la obesidad se clasificaron según recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Se realizó regresión lineal (Prais-Winsten) para estimar la tendencia de prevalencia. Resultados: Se observó una tendencia creciente al sobrepeso (5,5 a 8,6%) y a la obesidad (4,4 a 8,3%), en ambos sexos y regiones. En el análisis estratificado, hubo aumento de sobrepeso y obesidad en niños, adolescentes y mujeres adultas (4,2 a 8,6%; p<0,05). En los hombres, la obesidad aumentó entre los adolescentes de las regiones norte, centro y sur del estado y hubo un aumento de la obesidad (5,1%; p=0,01) en todas las edades en la región sur. Conclusión: Hubo un aumento del sobrepeso y la obesidad de 2009 a 2018 en Espírito Santo.
Objective To analyze trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil, between 2009 and 2018. Methods This was an ecological study, with data from the Food and Nutritional Surveillance System (SISVAN). Overweight and obesity were classified as recommended by the World Health Organization. Prais-Winsten regression was used to estimate the trend of the prevalence. Results There was an increasing trend of overweight (5.5 to 8.6%) and obesity (4.4 to 8.3%), in both sexes and in different regions of the state. In the stratified analysis, there was an increase in overweight and obesity in children, adolescents and adult women (4,2 a 8,6%; p<0,05). Obesity increased among male adolescents, in the south, central and north regions of the state, while in the south region, in all age groups (5.1% growth; p=0.01). Conclusion There was an increase in overweight and obesity in Espírito Santo, from 2009 to 2018.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Nutritional Status , Overweight , Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology , Food and Nutritional Surveillance , Body Weight , Brazil/epidemiology , Spatio-Temporal AnalysisABSTRACT
O campo científico da nutrição emerge com maior intensidade no início do século XX, sendo considerado um fenômeno relativamente recente. No Brasil, a formação do nutricionista teve início na década de 1940, quando se obteve a primeira geração de médicos nutrólogos e a criação dos quatro primeiros cursos do país. Estudos sobre a inserção dos nutricionistas no âmbito do SUS são escassos. Assim, o presente artigo tem por objetivo avaliar a tendência temporal da inserção de nutricionistas nos Sistema Único de Saúde no período de 2009 a 2018. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, descritivo, realizado a partir de dados secundários fornecidos pelo IBGE e CNES. A análise dos dados possibilitou a obtenção da quantidade e distribuição de nutricionistas por região/unidade da federação e ano de competência. A tabulação dos dados foi realizada no TabWin versão 4.15 e as análises foram realizadas com o uso dos Softwares Microsoft Excel 2016® e Stata 15.0. Observou-se uma tendência temporal de aumento do número de nutricionistas no país com velocidade maior de crescimento na região nordeste e menor na região sudeste, que registrou a maior densidade de profissionais. A região norte apresentou o menor número de nutricionistas. Acredita-se que o perfil observado pode estar relacionado com a oferta salarial, com características específicas e com a intensidade de criação dos cursos de nutrição em cada região.
The scientific field of nutrition emerged with greater intensity at the beginning of the 20th century and is considered a relatively recent phenomenon. In Brazil, the training of a nutritionist began in the 1940s, when the first generation of medical nutritionists was obtained as well as the creation of the first four courses in the country. Studies on the insertion of nutritionists in the scope of UHS are scarce. Thus, this article aims to assess the temporal trend of the insertion of nutritionists in the Unified Health System from 2009 to 2018. This is an observational, descriptive study, carried out from secondary data provided by BIGS and NRHF. Data analysis made it possible to obtain the quantity and distribution of nutritionists by region/federation unit and year of competence. The data were tabulated using TabWin version 4.15, and the analyses were performed using Microsoft Excel 2016® and Stata 15.0 software. There was a temporal trend towards an increase in the number of nutritionists in the country, with a higher growth rate in the northeast region and a lower one in the southeast region, which registered the highest density of professionals. The northern region had the lowest number of nutritionists. It is believed that the profile observed may be related to the salary offered, specific characteristics, and the intensity of nutrition courses created in each region.
ABSTRACT
Introdução: A obesidade é considerada um importante problema de saúde pública e a cirurgia bariátrica (CB) é um dos componentes da linha de cuidado para seu tratamento e viabilização da redução do peso corporal. Objetivo: Analisar as características, evolução e custos diretos dos procedimentos relacionados à cirurgia bariátrica no estado do Espírito Santo de 2008 a 2017. Métodos: Estudo observacional, descritivo e retrospectivo, baseado em dados secundários disponíveis nos arquivos de domínio público presentes no Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde e no Sistema de Comunicação de Informação Hospitalar e Ambulatorial, do Ministério da Saúde. Os indicadores calculados foram CB por sexo e por faixa etária, bem como os gastos com serviços hospitalares e profissionais. Resultados: Houve crescimento no número de cirurgias bariátricas e nos custos da mesma ao longo dos dez anos analisados, na ordem de 184% e 483%, respectivamente. Também se constatou que 87% (n=2.923) dos procedimentos foram realizados no público feminino, que houve um quantitativo expressivo de CB na faixa etária entre 24 e 34 anos e que os custos representaram 0,85% dos gastos hospitalares no Espírito Santo. Conclusões: Há a necessidade de se discutir a articulação, junto aos demais serviços da rede de atenção à saúde, para implementação de uma linha de cuidado efetiva que englobe, além da cirurgia bariátrica, o acompanhamento da saúde por outros serviços de saúde, em especial pela Atenção Primária. (AU)
Introduction: Obesity is considered an important public health problem and bariatric surgery (BS) is one of the components of the line of care for its treatment and enabling the reduction of body weight. Objective: To analyze how resources, evolution and costs of procedures related to bariatric surgery in the state of Espírito Santo from 2008 to 2017. Methods: Observational, descriptive and retrospective study, using secondary data available in the public domain files from the Hospital Information System and the Hospital and Ambulatory Information Communication System, of the Ministry of Health. The calculated indicators were BS by sex and by age group, as well as expenses with hospital and professional services. Results: There was an increase in the number of bariatric surgeries and their costs over the ten years analyzed, of 184% and 483%, respectively. We also found that 87% (n = 2.923) of the procedures performed in the female public, which had a significant quantitative number of BS in the age group from 24 to 34 years old and that the costs represented 0.85% of hospital expenses in Espírito Santo. Conclusions: There is a need to discuss an articulation with the other services in the health care network to implement a line of effective care that includes, in addition to bariatric surgery, or health monitoring by other health services, especially by Primary Care. (AU)
